The Complete Guide to Gift-Giving Etiquette in the Middle East

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Arabic cultures have diverse customs and traditions when it comes to gift-giving. The practice of offering gifts is deeply influenced by Islamic tradition. Showing respect for Islamic traditions and cultural norms is essential.

Gift-giving etiquette in the Middle East is the act of offering that goes far beyond simple material exchange. It expresses a profound sense of honor, respect, and love for one another. Whether it’s a casual social gathering, a significant religious event, or an important business meeting, the choice of gift and the manner of presenting it hold great significance.

Let’s explore these tips on gift-giving etiquette in the Middle East that will undoubtedly prove helpful during your visit.

What are the general gift-giving etiquette in the Middle East countries?

If possible, you should reciprocate with gifts that match the quality and value of the ones that you received from your giver.
Remember to be aware of Islamic beliefs and to avoid gifts that include pork, pork gelatine (for example Haribo Halal), alcohol or leather products made from pigskin. All these products may offend your Muslim friend or colleague.
Additionally, when interacting with the wife of an Arab colleague, it is important to refrain from presenting gifts directly to her or inquiring about her, as per cultural norms. Only women are allowed to give gifts to other women.
You should always give and receive gifts with your right hand. Since left is considered to be unclean.
The most popular gifts are sweets, cookies, pastries, chocolates and dates.

Ancient Gems Wrapped With Care In Egypt

From ancient times to the present day, Egypt has been known for its rich cultural heritage and fascinating customs, including its gift-giving etiquette. Egypt is a predominantly Muslim country, and it is crucial to respect Islamic traditions when choosing gifts. Avoid items that are considered haram (forbidden), such as alcohol, pork products, or items with inappropriate content.

Gift-Giving Etiquette in Egypt

You should wrap your gifts nicely and present them with your right hand.
There is a tradition to wrap gifts twice. First in ordinary paper, and secondly in colourful, bright, good-quality wrapping paper. You can also decorate them with colorful ribbons or bows to show your attention to detail.
If you receive an invitation for dinner to someone's home, consider bringing homemade food, pastries, sweets or chocolates.
Avoid gifting items with religious symbols to prevent any unintentional offense.
Giving flowers is not a common tradition because they are mostly used for funerals and weddings. Only for very Westernized Egyptians you can give flowers for special occasions.
You should accept a gift graciously because refusing it will be seen as impolite or offensive.
Consider bringing a gift for the host's children. Sweets, chocolates, or small toys are the best choices.
Men offer gifts to women that are only related to them: wives, daughters, mothers, and sisters
You shouldn't open your gift in front of everyone. Unless it’s something that can be shared with everyone (like food).
If something grabs your attention at an Egyptian’s home, do not praise it too directly. Your host may feel obliged to give it to you and may feel uncomfortable.
Business gifts are not expected and usually symbolise a "thank you" gesture. You can present a gift after your arrival.

Acceptable Gifts

Acceptable Gifts

Souvenirs and food from your country
Wine or liquor, only if the receiver drinks alcohol
Small electronic items
Homemade food
High-quality compass (Muslims face east when they pray)
Vase or plant holder as a housing gift

Unacceptable Gifts

Unacceptable Gifts

Alcohol, pork and pigskin products for Muslims
Sharp objects: knives, scissors
Black or purple wrapping paper (associated with mourning)
Flowers are usually given at weddings and funerals
Personal items
Art of women
Overly expensive gifts
Gifts with political connotations

Exchanging Smiles the Holy Land of Israel

Celebrations in Israel are not just about the presents themselves but also the sincere emotions and sentiments that accompany them. By understanding the cultural norms, and appropriate gifts for specific regions or occasions, you can bring joy to your Israeli friends and colleagues.

Israel is a diverse country, and gift preferences may vary between regions. For instance, in Jerusalem, traditional religious items like menorahs, shofars, or beautiful Judaica art pieces hold significant value. In the coastal cities, you might find gifts related to beach activities or coastal souvenirs that reflect the laid-back lifestyle of the region.

Appropriate Gifts for Specific Occasions

In Israel, the gift-giving occasions are mostly religious and family-oriented. Major religious celebrations like Hanukkah, Rosh Hashanah, and Passover are perfect opportunities to present gifts that reflect the significance of the event. Additionally, Jewish life cycle events such as Bar/Bat Mitzvahs, weddings, and baby showers are joyous occasions to offer gifts.

A Bar Mitzvah (for boys) or Bat Mitzvah (for girls) marks the coming of age for Jewish adolescents, typically at the age of 13. Common gifts include religious items like prayer books, a tallit (prayer shawl), tefillin (phylacteries), and mezuzahs (parchment scrolls placed on doorposts). Other popular gift choices are Judaica art and jewelry, such as engraved pendants, Star of David necklaces, or Hamsa hand bracelets. With the increasing influence of modern trends, technology and gadgets have become more dominant (smartphones, watches, tablets, etc.).
During religious celebrations like Hanukkah, gifting traditional dreidels, menorahs, or Hanukkah-themed items would be warmly received.
For weddings, contribute to the couple’s new life by giving household items or cash presented in an envelope with well-wishes for the newlyweds’ future.

Gift-Giving Etiquette in Israel

Wrap your gifts nicely as presentation matters in Israel.
Don't offer gifts made of leather or containing pigskin to those who follow Jewish dietary laws (Kashrut).
Don't give gifts in even numbers, because they are associated with mourning in Israeli culture.
Israelis value non-material gifts as much as material ones, so inviting them for a dinner is a great option as well.
When visiting an Israeli’s home, bring flowers, a box of candy, or a bottle of high-quality wine if your host is not Muslim. If you’re going to a Jewish home, a nice gesture would be a mezuzah (a piece of parchment inscribed with specific Hebrew verses from the Torah).
If you offer Jewish Israeli food, remember that it has to be kosher.
You can offer business gifts that are common and appreciated, however, it’s better to avoid extravagant and expensive gifts.

Acceptable Gifts

Acceptable Gifts

Unacceptable Gifts

Unacceptable Gifts

Sharp objects: knives, scissors
Alcohol and pigskin products for Muslims
Flowers are usually given at weddings and funerals
Personal items
Art of women
Gifts with political connotations

Kindness, Frankinscense and Harmony In Oman

Oman, a country located in the Arabian Peninsula, prides itself on a history rooted in traditions that emphasize the value of hospitality, respect, and generosity. Gift-giving etiquette in Oman is an integral part of their culture and serves as a symbol of appreciation, friendship, and goodwill.

Appropriate Gifts for Specific Occasions

Ramadan: Iftar meetings are common during the holy month of Ramadan.
Gifting a box of high-quality dates or a bag of aromatic Omani coffee is a well-appreciated gesture. Religious books also make ideal gifts.
Eid al-Fitr: Eid is a joyous occasion celebrated at the end of Ramadan. Sweet treats, perfumes, or traditional attire (such as Omani kuma and dishdasha) are popular choices.
Omani National Day: On November 18th, Oman celebrates its National Day. Gifting items in the colors of the Omani flag or symbolic souvenirs will be appreciated.

Gifts-Giving Etiquette in Oman

When you are presenting a gift, it is important to do so with genuine sincerity and humility. The gesture should reflect your thoughtfulness and respect for the recipient.
Remember to include a handwritten note with your gift.
Don't forget to offer gifts with your right hand only.
If you are invited to an Omani home, it is polite to bring a gift for the host. Traditional Omani sweets, dates, or a small gift from your home country would be perfect.
Avoid expensive and extravagant gifts because your recipient may feel uncomfortable.
It’s better to wrap up your gifts in a simple, elegant presentation rather than in flashy packaging.
Business gifts are not expected but definitely appreciated. Always present them to the highest official in the group and offer it with both hands.
Refrain from overly personal gifts because Omanis value modesty, and such gifts may be misinterpreted.
Oman is famous for its captivating fragrances. Perfume and incense are popular choices for any occasion.

Acceptable Gifts

Acceptable Gifts

Unacceptable Gifts

Unacceptable Gifts

Gift-giving as an embarrassing gesture in Saudi Arabia

Gift-giving etiquette in Saudi Arabia is a beautiful tradition that allows you to strengthen bonds and show your respect for others. However, this only relates to close friends and families. Saudi Arabia is one of the countries in which giving and receiving gifts from strangers is embarrassing or even offensive.

Saudi Arabia’s gift-giving traditions are strongly influenced by Islamic traditions. Therefore, there are some key dos and don’ts to keep in mind. In Saudi Arabian culture, it is crucial to understand the concept of wasta, which means connections or “who you know”. You should always pay attention to the status and social standing of the recipient when presenting gifts. They are often given to those in higher positions of authority as a sign of respect and to maintain a harmonious relationship.

Gift-Giving Etiquette in Saudi Arabia

You should only offer gifts to your friends or someone with whom you have a close relationship. It’s embarrassing, or even offensive, for a Saudi to receive a present from someone they don’t know well.
If you're invited to someone's home, bring a small gift, such as dates, Arabic sweets, or flowers.
Do not give flowers to men.
Your recipient will open the gift in private. Avoid opening a gift in front of the giver because they may think you are too eager or impolite.
Offer and receive gifts with discretion and modesty, and avoid appearing too enthusiastic.
Don't forget to offer gifts with your right hand only.
When you offer a gift in Saudi Arabia, the recipient may initially decline it out of politeness. However, you should gently insist that they accept the gift. Only after this exchange of polite refusals will your recipient accept the gift graciously.
All gifts that you want to offer should be of high quality.
In a business setting, you can exchange gifts only after you have developed a strong bond with your associates. Otherwise, avoid giving gifts at the beginning of the business relationship.
For business gifts, choose elegant office accessories or high-quality items like branded pens, fine chocolates, or gourmet food baskets.

Acceptable Gifts

Acceptable Gifts

Souvenirs and food from your country
High-quality leather products (not pigskin)
Platinum, silver, or precious stones
Non-alcoholic perfumes
Arabic calligraphy artwork
Islamic-themed items
Watches
‘Oud’ scent in the form of incense, perfume or oil

Unacceptable Gifts

Unacceptable Gifts

Alcohol, pork, and pigskin products
Sharp objects: knives, scissors
Gold jewellery or silk outfits for men
Personal items
Dog-related items (for example: toy dogs, pictures, etc.)
Perfumes containing alcohol

A combination of tradition and luxury in UAE

In a region known for its rapid economic development and international allure, the UAE stands out as a country of progress. From Dubai’s skyscrapers to Abu Dhabi’s cultural heritage, this nation has succeeded in combining contemporary culture with its deeply rooted Arabic customs in gift-giving etiquette.

Appropriate Gifts For Different Occasions

Ramadan and Eid: During the holy months of Ramadan and Eid celebrations, exchanging gifts is a way to show appreciation and strengthen bonds. Dates, Arabic sweets, traditional clothes, or beautifully crafted prayer accessories make the best gifts for this occasion. You should offer gifts early in the month of Ramadan.
Weddings: When you are attending a wedding, you can offer as a wedding gift money that will be well received. Alternatively, you can offer luxurious household items or gift vouchers for the couple to enjoy.
Housewarming gift: If you’re invited to someone’s new home, consider giving elegant home decor, traditional Arabic coffee sets, or scented candles as a symbol of good wishes.
Birthdays: Birthday celebrations are becoming more popular in the UAE. For this occasion, you can choose personalized jewelry, high-quality stationery, or a spa treatment.

Gift-Giving Etiquette in UAE

All gifts that you offer should be of high quality.
Your recipient will open your gifts immediately and examine them in front of everyone.
One of the most appreciated gifts is traditional Arabic perfume. The best scent choice for men is a very expensive oud (which is a distillation of aloes wood).
Emiratis highly appreciate gifts with a personal touch and that are of good quality.
Offer and receive gifts with discretion and modesty, and avoid appearing too enthusiastic.
Remember to give and receive gifts with your right hand.
Refrain from overly personal gifts for your colleagues. Gifts in a professional context should be modest and appropriate.
When giving business gifts, choose high-quality items like branded pens, luxury chocolates, or gourmet food baskets.
Avoid giving extravagant business gifts, which may be perceived as inappropriate or even as an attempt to bribe.
In social settings, it is polite to reciprocate the gesture if you receive a gift.
Avoid presenting gifts during times of mourning or at other inappropriate moments, as it may be considered disrespectful.

Acceptable Gifts

Acceptable Gifts

Souvenirs and food from your country
High-quality leather products (not pigskin)
Platinum, silver, or precious stones
Cashmere
Crystal or porcelain
Non-alcoholic perfumes

Unacceptable Gifts

Unacceptable Gifts

Alcohol, pork, and pigskin products
Sharp objects: knives, scissors
Gold jewellery or silk outfits for men
Personal items
Dog-related items (for example: toy dogs, pictures, etc.)
Perfumes containing alcohol

Gifts are only for close friends in Yemen

In Yemeni culture, gift-giving holds deep-rooted meanings, reflecting hospitality, gratitude, and mutual respect, but only between close friends and family. Like in Saudi Arabia, it’s embarrassing or even offensive for a Yemeni to receive a present from someone they don’t know. Why? Because they will feel obliged to reciprocate the gift.

If you really feel determined to offer a gift to a Yemeni person, then make sure the present is affordable and simple. The best gift choices are dates, sweets, or traditional perfumes.

Yemen’s diverse regions may have slight variations in gift preferences, but certain items are universally cherished. One of the great gift choices for women is traditional Yemeni clothing like the “thobe” for men and the “sitara”. Another popular option are exquisite Yemeni spices, such as cardamom and cumin. If you go to the south of Yemen, you can purchase high-quality honey and raw tobacco, used for smoking sheesha. Both products are popular worldwide and are exported to many countries.

Gift-Giving Etiquette in Yemen

You should only offer gifts to your friends or someone with whom you have a close relationship. It’s embarrassing, or even offensive, for a Yemeni to receive a present from someone they don’t know well.
If you decide to give a gift to a Yemeni, they will open it in front of you.
Bribery is a problem in Yemen, so avoid giving extravagant and expensive gifts.
When presenting a gift, offer it with your right hand, as it is considered a polite and respectful gesture in Yemeni culture.
If you're visiting a Yemeni home, consider gifting sweets and dates, which are commonly offered to guests.